import requests
import json
from openpyxl import Workbook
import time
import hashlib
import os
import datetime
start_url='https://www.toutiao.com/api/pc/feed/?category=news_hot&utm_source=toutiao&widen=1&max_behot_time='
url='https://www.toutiao.com'
headers={
'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36'
}
cookies={'tt_webid':'6649949084894053895'} # 此处cookies可从浏览器中查找,为了避免被头条禁止爬虫
max_behot_time='0' # 链接参数
title=[] # 存储新闻标题
source_url=[] # 存储新闻的链接
s_url=[] # 存储新闻的完整链接
source=[] # 存储发布新闻的公众号
media_url={} # 存储公众号的完整链接
def get_as_cp(): # 该函数主要是为了获取as和cp参数,程序参考今日头条中的加密js文件:home_4abea46.js
zz={}
now=round(time.time())
print(now) # 获取当前计算机时间
e=hex(int(now)).upper()[2:] #hex()转换一个整数对象为16进制的字符串表示
print('e:', e)
a=hashlib.md5() #hashlib.md5().hexdigest()创建hash对象并返回16进制结果
print('a:', a)
a.update(str(int(now)).encode('utf-8'))
i=a.hexdigest().upper()
print('i:', i)
if len(e)!=8:
zz={'as':'479BB4B7254C150',
'cp':'7E0AC8874BB0985'}
return zz
n=i[:5]
a=i[-5:]
r=''
s=''
for i in range(5):
s=s+n[i]+e[i]
for j in range(5):
r=r+e[j+3]+a[j]
zz={
'as':'A1'+s+e[-3:],
'cp':e[0:3]+r+'E1'
}
print('zz:', zz)
return zz
def getdata(url, headers, cookies): # 解析网页函数
r=requests.get(url, headers=headers, cookies=cookies)
print(url)
data=json.loads(r.text)
return data
def savedata(title, s_url, source, media_url): # 存储数据到文件
# 存储数据到xlxs文件
wb=Workbook()
if not os.path.isdir(os.getcwd()+'/result'): # 判断文件夹是否存在
os.makedirs(os.getcwd()+'/result') # 新建存储文件夹
filename=os.getcwd()+'/result/result-'+datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%m')+'.xlsx' # 新建存储结果的excel文件
ws=wb.active
ws.title='data' # 更改工作表的标题
ws['A1']='标题' # 对表格加入标题
ws['B1']='新闻链接'
ws['C1']='头条号'
ws['D1']='头条号链接'
for row in range(2, len(title)+2): # 将数据写入表格
_=ws.cell(column=1, row=row, value=title[row-2])
_=ws.cell(column=2, row=row, value=s_url[row-2])
_=ws.cell(column=3, row=row, value=source[row-2])
_=ws.cell(column=4, row=row, value=media_url[source[row-2]])
wb.save(filename=filename) # 保存文件
def main(max_behot_time, title, source_url, s_url, source, media_url): # 主函数
for i in range(3): # 此处的数字类似于你刷新新闻的次数,正常情况下刷新一次会出现10条新闻,但夜存在少于10条的情况;所以最后的结果并不一定是10的倍数
ascp=get_as_cp() # 获取as和cp参数的函数
demo=getdata(start_url+max_behot_time+'&max_behot_time_tmp='+max_behot_time+'&tadrequire=true&as='+ascp['as']+'&cp='+ascp['cp'], headers, cookies)
print(demo)
# time.sleep(1)
for j in range(len(demo['data'])):
# print(demo['data'][j]['title'])
if demo['data'][j]['title'] not in title:
title.append(demo['data'][j]['title']) # 获取新闻标题
source_url.append(demo['data'][j]['source_url']) # 获取新闻链接
source.append(demo['data'][j]['source']) # 获取发布新闻的公众号
if demo['data'][j]['source'] not in media_url:
media_url[demo['data'][j]['source']]=url+demo['data'][j]['media_url'] # 获取公众号链接
print(max_behot_time)
max_behot_time=str(demo['next']['max_behot_time']) # 获取下一个链接的max_behot_time参数的值
for index in range(len(title)):
print('标题:', title[index])
if 'https' not in source_url[index]:
s_url.append(url+source_url[index])
print('新闻链接:', url+source_url[index])
else:
print('新闻链接:', source_url[index])
s_url.append(source_url[index])
# print('源链接:', url+source_url[index])
print('头条号:', source[index])
print(len(title)) # 获取的新闻数量
if __name__=='__main__':
main(max_behot_time, title, source_url, s_url, source, media_url)
savedata(title, s_url, source, media_url)